See reukan on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "rēocan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: rēocan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: rēocan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: reken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: reken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rek",
"3": "reke",
"4": "reik"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rek, reke, reik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rek, reke, reik"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "reek"
},
"expansion": "English: reek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: reek"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "riāka"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: riāka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: riāka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "röke"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: röke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: röke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "reekje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: reekje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: reekje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*riokan",
"3": "*rūkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *riokan, *rūkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *riokan, *rūkan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rêken",
"3": "rûken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: rêken, rûken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: rêken, rûken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "rüken"
},
"expansion": "Low German: rüken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: rüken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ruuke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saterland Frisian: ruuke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saterland Frisian: ruuke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "rûke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: rûke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: rûke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "riecan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: riecan, riekan, riechon, ruecon\nMiddle Dutch: ruken\nDutch: ruiken, rieken\nAfrikaans: ruik\nLimburgish: ruke",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: riecan, riekan, riechon, ruecon\nMiddle Dutch: ruken\nDutch: ruiken, rieken\nAfrikaans: ruik\nLimburgish: ruke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "riohhan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: riohhan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: riohhan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "riechen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: riechen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: riechen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "riechen"
},
"expansion": "German: riechen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: riechen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "riacha"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: riacha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: riacha"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "richen"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: richen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: richen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*reukaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *reukaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *reukaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "reukan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "reukannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "reukannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "reukannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "reuku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riukiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riukidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rauk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rukum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "riukid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reukēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reukē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rukīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "reukēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "riuk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riukid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reukandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rokan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*reukan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/reukan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to smoke, give off smoke"
],
"id": "en-reukan-gmw-pro-verb-TdHDiq4W",
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
],
[
"give off",
"give off"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "rauki"
},
{
"word": "ruki"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "reukan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "rēocan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: rēocan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: rēocan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: reken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: reken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rek",
"3": "reke",
"4": "reik"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rek, reke, reik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rek, reke, reik"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "reek"
},
"expansion": "English: reek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: reek"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "riāka"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: riāka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: riāka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "röke"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: röke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: röke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "reekje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: reekje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: reekje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*riokan",
"3": "*rūkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *riokan, *rūkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *riokan, *rūkan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rêken",
"3": "rûken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: rêken, rûken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: rêken, rûken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "rüken"
},
"expansion": "Low German: rüken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: rüken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ruuke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saterland Frisian: ruuke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saterland Frisian: ruuke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "rûke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: rûke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: rûke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "riecan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: riecan, riekan, riechon, ruecon\nMiddle Dutch: ruken\nDutch: ruiken, rieken\nAfrikaans: ruik\nLimburgish: ruke",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: riecan, riekan, riechon, ruecon\nMiddle Dutch: ruken\nDutch: ruiken, rieken\nAfrikaans: ruik\nLimburgish: ruke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "riohhan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: riohhan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: riohhan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "riechen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: riechen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: riechen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "riechen"
},
"expansion": "German: riechen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: riechen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "riacha"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: riacha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: riacha"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "richen"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: richen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: richen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*reukaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *reukaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *reukaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "reukan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "reukannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "reukannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "reukannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "reuku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riukiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riukidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rauk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rukum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "riukid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reukēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "reukē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rukīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "reukēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reukēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rukīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "riuk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "riukid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reukandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rokan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*reukan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/reukan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "rauki"
},
{
"word": "ruki"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 2 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"gmw-pro:Fire"
],
"glosses": [
"to smoke, give off smoke"
],
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
],
[
"give off",
"give off"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "reukan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for reukan meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.